Art of manufacturing articles of glass.



I l PATENTBD JUNE 2, 1903. J. I. & c. v. ARBOGAST. I ART OFMANUFACTURING ARTICLES 01? GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED AUGfZ'I, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

ullll lxllL INVENTORSL J52?! j firma won-Us FETERS c0 mbTo-u'ma,WASHINGTON. u. c.

UNITED STATES Patented June 2, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN I. ARBOGAST AND CHARLES V. ARBOGAST, OF PITTSBURG, PENN SYLVANIA.

ART. 0F MANUFACTURING ARTICLES OF GLASS.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 730,077, dated June 2,1903.

Application filed August 27,1902.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JOHN I. ARBOGAST and tion of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled inthe art to which it apper- -tains to makeand use the same.

, This invention has relation to the manufacture of hollow glassware,and has for its object the provision of a novel method or processwhereby the skill and experience nowrequired in the production of hollowglassware is dispensed with, the cost of. production greatly lessened,and the output of the factory greatly increased.

In making-hollow glassware-such, for example, as bottles-it iscustomary, in accordance with the practice of many years, to first blowthe-body of thearticle in a mold, then attach it in a reversed positionto a punty, then reheat and shape the neck, and finally anneal thefinished article. The operations of blowing the article and thenfinishing the neck require skilled'high-priced labor. But one articleis'handled at a time, and all the operations are necessarily carried onin the furnace-room of the factory, wherein are located the melting andreheating furnaces and-the other necessary appliances.

Our object is to obviate the difficulties heretofore experienced in theendeavors to produce hollow articles of glassware in quantit'y'and.Without employing skilled labor, and with this object in view wepropose,'first, to produce at one operation and in a single mold anumber of blanks, of which the neck part only will be finished; second,to reheat at one operation a number of the partly-finished blanks and tothen blow the articles in molds to the complete form of the finishedSerial No. 121,198. (No specimens.)

'the molding 'at one time and in asingle mold several blanks having onlythe neck part'fi-n-- ished and then reheating and subsequently blowingthe blanks to completed form. As the bodies of the articles are notblown until the neck parts are completed, thereis no danger attendingthe reheating according to our method, and such reheating and subsequentblowing may be conducted by unskilled labor at a cost greatly less thannow necessary in blowing single articles in molds. It is our purpose inblowing the reheated articles to shape to use compressed air, and thussubstitute mechanical appliances for skilled labor.

In carrying our invention into eflect we employ a mold for the formationof the blanks with neck parts with a number of cavities,

so that anumber of blanks can be made at one time, and we fill thesecavities either by pressing, as by the use of a plunger, or byr0llingthat is, by pouring the glass on a plate having openings leadingto the moldcavities and passing over the glass a roller which will forcethe glass into the cavities.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating apparatus for carrying ourinvention into effect, Figure 1 is a sectional view of a mold adaptedfor the first step of the process. Fig. 2 is a plan view. of thereheating apparatus. Fig. 3 is a sectional View of the same, and Fig. 4is a sectional'view of a blow-mold adapted for the formation of thearticle by blowing. I

The mold shown in Fig. 1 is intended for forming at one time a number ofblanks and consists of a hinged two-part mold having several cavities AA, with extensions a a at theirbottoms cut to form the necks of theblanks. Each of the cavities A is formed with a sprue a, through whichthe molten glass is forced into the cavity. The baseplate B is piercedbelow each cavity for the passage of a plug 12, and theseplugs are supninto the neck-forming portions of the moldcavities. The mold beingclosed, the molten glass is forced into each cavity through the spruect'in the top of the mold,preferably by means of a roller G, and overthe plugs, so as to form the neck-openings and a small cavity in theball of glass above the neck. The plugs are now withdrawn, the mold isthen opened, and the blanks are removed and severed from the mass ofrolled glass and blown into shape, after which they are removed to theleer and annealed. After being pressed or rolled into the mold forforming the necks and severed from the mass of rolled glass the blanksare ready for the reheating and finishing operations, and these areconducted "in the following manner: The blanks are each inserted, withthe neck part uppermost, in a suitable holder, which may consist of atwo-part hinged ring E, having extensions c to form a handle, and theholders or rings are arranged on a supporting plate or table F, providedwith any number of openings g g, so that the bulb part of the blankswill hang downward through the openings 9 g. Gas-jets I I are arrangedbelow the plate or table I" in such positions that the flames will playupon the blanks and reheat the bulbs to a sufficient extent for blowing.The rings E E, with the blanks supported thereby, are then removed fromthe reheating apparatus and placed on a suitable blow-mold 70, havingcavities of the shape to which the blanks are to be blown, and theunfinished parts of the blanks are then blown, preferably by compressedair, so as to fill the cavities of the mold and complete the articles,after which they are annealed.

The mold 75 may be formed with a number of cavities, all connected orcommunicating with a single compressed-air pipe, so that a number ofarticles may be finished at the same time and in one operation.

In using the mold 7c the rings or blankholders E rest on the top of themold and form caps to the mold-cavities. These holders may be shaped ontheir under sides to correspond with the shoulder part of the article tobe made. As our presentinvention does not relate specially to thestructural features of the molds or other appliances, we do not deem itnecessary to give a more specific description of the same, as it iswithin the scope and purpose of our invention to use any of theavailable appliances now employed in glass-factories. Inasmuch, however,as we have referred to the use of a roller for pressing or rolling theglass into the cavities of the mold for forming the necks, we willbriefly describe a mold adapted for use with such a roller. Such mold isprovided with a flanged upper surface, forming a table, upon which themolten glass is poured from a ladle, the flanges or guides h hpreventing the glass from flowing over the sides and ends of the mold.The

glass is forced into the openings in the top of the mold by a roller G,which is passed over the glass. The flanges or guides h it serve asguides for the roller as well as guards to prevent the overflow of theglass. In some instances a separate perforated plate may be used on thetop of the mold, and then it will be only necessary to raise the plateafter the cavities are filled to break the blanks from the surplus glassabove the plate.

The advantages of the processdescribed will be easily understood andappreciated. As the preliminary work consists in simultaneously forminga number of blanks in a press or roller -mold Without blowing and thefinal work consists in simply blowing the blanks to completed shape inproperly-constructed molds, no skill is required beyond that easilyacquired by the gathering boys and mold attendants. The blanks do nothave to be rolled, kneaded, or submitted to any of the usual operations,and hence a large number of blanks may be produced simultaneously. Afterthe blanks formed in the first mold have been reheated the subsequentfinishing may be performed by unskilled labor and under such conditionsthat a large number of blanks may be blown to complete shape at onetime.

In lieu of the mold described for forming the blanks any other suitablemold may be employedas, for instance, a mold embodying the featuresshown in Letters Patent to Philip Arbogast, No. 260,891, granted July11, 1882, in which the neck of the blank is formed at the top of themold with the unfinished portion of the blank below.

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

1. The method of forming a hollow blank for the manufacture ofglassware, consisting in rolling a mass of molten glass through a sprueinto a suitable mold-cavity and then severing the blank from the mass ofrolled glass.

2. The method of manufacturing glassware, consisting in rolling a massof molten glass and thereby forcing part of it through a sprue into asuitable mold-cavity, then severing the molded glass from the rolledmass and then finishing the article.

3. The method of manufacturing glassware, consisting in rolling a massof molten glass through a sprue into a suitable mold-cavity, thensevering the molded glass from the rolled mass and then blowing thearticle to the desired shape.

4. The method of forming hollow glassware consisting in rolling a massof molten glass and thereby forcing a part of the same through a sprueinto a mold-cavity and over a plug sustained therein, then withdrawingthe plug, leaving a cavity in the glass, then separating the moldedblank from the rolled mass and finally blowing the blank to finishedform.

ICC

5. The method'of simultaneously forming In testimony whereof We affixour signaa number of blanks for the manufacture of tures in presence oftwo witnesses. glassware, consisting in rolling a mass of molten glassand thereby forcing a portion of AST it through a plurality of spruesinto an equal number of mold-cavities and then separating Witnesses: themolded blanks from the remainder of the ANTHONY A. CONNOLLY,

mass. WM. D. HADGER.

